[1]  See for example, Jeffrey M. Smith, Genetic Roulette: The Documented Health Risks of Genetically Engineered Foods, Yes! Books, Fairfield, IA USA 2007, www.geneticroulette.com 
[2] Claire Robinson, Biotech Investment Busy Going Nowhere, ISIS Press Release, July 13, 2004 http://www.i-sis.org.uk/BIBGN.php
[3]  Alan Boyd, Biotechnology: Breeding hurdles and hype, Asia Times, June 15, 2004, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Global_Economy/FF15Dj01.html 
[4]  David P. Hamilton, "Biotech's Dismal Bottom Line: More Than $40 Billion in Losses: As Scientists Search for Cures, They Gobble Investor Cash; A Handful Hit the Jackpot - 'The Ultimate Roulette Game'", Wall Street Journal, 20 May 2004, www.mindfully.org/GE/2004/Biotech-$40B-Losses20may04.htm,
[5]  Leslie Parrilla, Biotechnology grant trains workers, Associated Press, August 18, 2004, http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2004-08-18-biotech-grant_x.htm
[6]  Chee Yoke Heong, Biotech investing a high-risk gamble, Asia Times, July 31, 2004, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Asian_Economy/FG31Dk01.html 
[7]  NFU (2005a) GM Crops: Not Needed on the Island, - Recommendations of the National Farmers Union to the Prince Edward Island Legislature's Standing Committee on Agriculture, Forestry, and the Environment, www.nfu.ca/briefs/2005/PEI%20GMO%20BRIEF%20TWENTY%20SEVEN%20FINAL.pdf, viewed 20/6/07.
[8]  Hugh Warwick and Gundala Meziani, Seeds of Doubt, UK Soil Association, September 2002
[9]  "Corn Growers Challenge Logic of Promoting Biotechnology in Foreign Markets" Press Release American Corn Growers Association June 5, 2001 http://www.biotech-info.net/foreign_markets.html 
[10]  NFU (2005a) GM Crops: Not Needed on the Island, - Recommendations of the National Farmers Union to the Prince Edward Island Legislature’s Standing Committee on Agriculture, Forestry, and the Environment, www.nfu.ca/briefs/2005/PEI%20GMO%20BRIEF%20TWENTY%20SEVEN%20FINAL.pdf, viewed 20/6/07.
[11]  NFU (2000) NFU Policy on GM Foods, www.nfu.ca/policy/GM_FOOD_POLICY.misc.pdf, viewed 13/8/07.
[12]  Melanie Bondera, Hawaiian papaya: market loss and contamination, Bangkok Post, April 27, 2006, http://www.biothai.org/cgi-bin/content/news/show.pl?0206
[13]  Melanie Bondera, Hawaiian papaya: market loss and contamination, Bangkok Post, April 27, 2006, http://www.biothai.org/cgi-bin/content/news/show.pl?0206
[14]  Greenpeace, 2006a. The Failure of GE Papaya in Hawai.
[15]  The Honolulu Advertiser, 2006. Papaya Production Taking A Tumble.
[16]  Hugh Warwick and Gundala Meziani, Seeds of Doubt, UK Soil Association, September 2002
[17]  Charles Benbrook, “Premium Paid for Bt Corn Seed Improves Corporate Finances While Eroding Grower Profits,” Benbrook Consulting Services, Sandpoint, Idaho, February 2002
[18]  NFU (2007) Submission by the National Farmers Union on The Farm Income Crisis Business Risk Management, and The “Next Generation” Agricultural Policy Framework,  April 26th, 2007 www.nfu.ca/briefs/2007/NFU_Brief_to_Commons_Ag_Committee_on_the_Farm_Income_Crisi%5B1%5D..pdf, viewed 13/8/07.
[19]  Fernandez-Cornejo, J. & Caswell. April 2006. Genetically Engineered Crops in the United States. USDA/ERS Economic Information Bulletin n. 11. http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/eib11/eib11.pdf 
[20] “Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plants: Science and Regulation,” Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, 2000. http://books.nap.edu/catalog/9795.html.
[21]  Fernandez-Cornejo, J. and McBride, W., May 2002. Adoption of Bioengineered Crops. ERS USDA Agricultural Economic Report, p.24. http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/aer810/ 
[22]  See for example, Charles Benbrook, Ag BioTech InfoNet Technical Paper Number 1, July 13, 1999, and Oplinger, E.S et al., 1999. Performance of Transgenetic Soyabeans, Northern US. http://www.biotech-info.net/soybean_performance.pdf 
[23]  ABIOVE, 2006a. Sustainaibility in the Legal Amazon. Presentation by Carlo Lovatelli at the Second Roundtable on Responsible Soy. Paraguay, 1 September 2006. http://www.abiove.com.br/english/palestras/abiove_pal_sustent_amazonialegal_us.pdf 
[24]  Fulton, M. and Keyowski, L. “The Producer Benefits of Herbicide Resistant Canola.” AgBioForum, Vol 2 No 2, 1999, as reported in Stone,S. Matysek, A. and Dolling, A. Modelling Possible Impacts of GM Crops on Australian Trade . Productivity Commission Staff Research Paper, October 2002, at 32.
[25]  Benbrook, C. (2004). “Genetically Engineered Crops and Pesticide Use in the United States: The First Nine Years,” Charles Benbrook, Technical Paper No. 7, October 2004, available at: http://www.biotechinfo.net/technicalpaper7.html.
[26]  Personal communication with Charles Benbrook, whose estimates are based on USDA figures.
[27]  A. R. Myerson, “Seeds of discontent: cotton growers say strain cuts yields,” New York Times Nov. 19, 1997; K. L. Edmisten, and A.C. York, “Concerns with Roundup Ready Cotton,” North Carolina Cooperative Extensive Service, 1999.http://www.biotech-info.net/Cotton_agronomic_problems.html
[28 ] See for example, Huang J. et al., 2002. “Bt Cotton Benefits, Costs and Impacts in China” in AgBioforum, 5(4); Huang J. et al., September 2003. Bt Cotton Benefits, Costs and Impacts in China. IDS, Working Paper 202; and Zhang, B-H., Wang Q-L. August 2001. “Bt Cotton in China” in Current Science, vol. 81, n.4.
[29]  Wang, S., Pinstrup-Andersen, P., 22-26 July 2006. Tarnishing Silver Bullets: Bt Technology Adoption, Bounded Rationality And The Outbreak Of Secondary Pest Infestations In China. Selected Paper prepared for presentation at the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting Long Beach, CA.
[30]  US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 6 January 2005a. SEC Sues Monsanto Company for Paying a Bribe. Monsanto Settles Action and Agrees to Pay a $500,000 Penalty. Monsanto also enters into Deferred Prosecution Agreement with Department of Justice. Litigation Release No. 19023. http://www.sec.gov/litigation/litreleases/lr19023.htm
[31]  Qayum, A. and Sakkhari, K., 2004. Did Bt Cotton Fail Andhra Pradesh Again in 2003-2004? A Season Long Study (2003-2004) of the Performance of Bt Cotton in Andhra Pradesh, India. Deccan Development Society, AP Coalition in Defence of Diversity, Permaculture Association of India.
[32]  Abdul Qayum & Kiran Sakkhari. Did Bt Cotton Save Farmers in Warangal? A season long impact study of Bt Cotton - Kharif 2002 in Warangal District of Andhra Pradesh . AP Coalition in Defence of Diversity & Deccan Development Society, Hyderabad, 2003.
[33]  Maharashtra State Department of Agriculture, 2003. Performance of Bt Cotton Cultivation in Maharashtra. Report of State Department of Agriculture. http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/csurv/btcotton/srmh.pdf
[34]  The Economic Times, 9 January 2006a. Bt Cotton Co Invites AP Government’s Ire. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-1363928,curpg-1.cms
[35]  Abdul Qayum & Kiran Sakkhari. Did Bt Cotton Save Farmers in Warangal? A season long impact study of Bt Cotton - Kharif 2002 in Warangal District of Andhra Pradesh . AP Coalition in Defence of Diversity & Deccan Development Society, Hyderabad, 2003.
[36]  Abdul Qayum & Kiran Sakkhari. Did Bt Cotton Save Farmers in Warangal? A season long impact study of Bt Cotton - Kharif 2002 in Warangal District of Andhra Pradesh . AP Coalition in Defence of Diversity & Deccan Development Society, Hyderabad, 2003.
[37]  Ramsay, G., Thompson, C. & Squire, G. (2004) Quantifying landscape-scale gene flow in oilseed rape, Scottish Crop Research Institute and the UK Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), October 2004, p. 4. www.defra.gov.uk/environment/gm/research/pdf/epg_rg0216.pdf, viewed 16/7/07.
[38]  Friesen, L., Nelson, A. & Van Acker, R. (2003) Evidence of Contamination of Pedigreed Canola (Brassica napus) Seedlots in Western Canada with Genetically Engineered Herbicide Resistance Traits,” Agronomy Journal 95, 2003, pp. 1342-1347, cited in NFU (2005b).
[39]  Mellon, M & Rissler, J. (2004) Gone to Seed: Transgenic Contaminants in the Traditional Seed Supply, Union of Concerned Scientists, cited in NFU (2005b).
[40]  Neal Blue, “Risky Business: Economic and regulatory impacts from the unintended release of genetically engineered rice varieties into the rice merchandising system of the US,” Independent report commissioned by Greenpeace International, November 6, 2007 http://www.greenpeace.org/international/press/releases/bayer-rice-scandal-could-cost
[41]  GM testing takes battle to the fields Rival camps in face-off over open-air trials Kamol Sukin The Nation, 9 September 2007 http://nationmultimedia.com/2007/09/09/headlines/headlines_30048276.php
[42]  Squire, G.R., Begg, G.S. & Askew, M (2003) The potential for oilseed rape feral (volunteer) weeds to cause impurities in later oilseed rape crops, Final report of the DEFRA project: Consequences for Agriculture of the Introduction of Genetically Modified Crops, RG0114. Available at: www.defra.gov.uk/environment/gm/research/pdf/epg_rg0114.pdf, viewed 24/6/05
[43]  www.worc.org/pdfs/wisnersummary-05-05.pdf 
[44]  For a good overview of rejection of GE crops at all levels of the food supply chain, see: “Monsanto & Genetic Engineering: Risks for Investors,” Innovest Strategic Value Adisors, Jan. 2005, www.innovestgroup.com/pdfs/2005-01-01_Monsanto_GeneticEngineering.pdf
[45]  Market Rejection of Genetically Engineered Foods, Center for Food Safety, August 2006, www.centerforfoodsafety.org/pubs/Market%20rejection%20fact%20sheet%20Aug%202006.pdf 
[46]  “Corn Growers Challenge Logic of Promoting Biotechnology in Foreign Markets, American Corn Growers Association, Press Release, June 5, 2001, http://www.biotech-info.net/foreign_markets.html 
[47]  Ziauddin Sardar, “Loss of Innocence: Genetically Modified Food,” New Statesman (UK) 129, no. 4425 (February 26, 1999): 47.
[48]  Public Sentiment About Genetically Modified Food (2006 update). The Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology, December 2006, http://pewagbiotech.org/polls/
[49] Public Sentiment About Genetically Modified Food (2006 update). The Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology, December 2006, http://pewagbiotech.org/polls/
[50] “Hot New Consumer and Retail Trends,” The Natural Marketing Institute, Presented at Expo West, March 24, 2006.
[51]  Kurt Eichenwald and others, “Biotechnology Food: From the Lab to a Debacle,” New York Times, January 25, 2001
[52]  Jeffrey M. Smith, Genetic Roulette: The Documented Health Risks of Genetically Engineered Foods, Yes! Books, Fairfield, IA USA 2007, www.geneticroulette.com
[53]  See for example, Jeffrey M. Smith, Seeds of Deception, Chapter 4, Yes! Books, Fairfield, Iowa, 2003; and William Crist, “Toxic L-tryptophan: Shedding Light on a Mysterious Epidemic,” http://www.seedsofdeception.com/Public/L-tryptophan/index.cfm 
[54]  The Center for Food Safety, 2005. Monsanto vs. US farmers. http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org 
[55]  “who benefits from gm crops? an analysis of the global performance of gm crops (1996-2006),” Friends of the Earth International, 2007
[56]  “who benefits from gm crops? an analysis of the global performance of gm crops (1996-2006),” Friends of the Earth International, 2007
[57]  Duffy, M., 2001. Who Benefits from Biotechnology? Presented at the American Seed Trade Association meeting, December 5 -7, 2001, Chicago, Illinois. http://www.mindfully.org/GE/GE3/Who-Benefits-From-Biotech.htm
[58]  Duffy, M., 2001. Who Benefits from Biotechnology? Presented at the American Seed Trade Association meeting, December 5 -7, 2001, Chicago, Illinois. http://www.mindfully.org/GE/GE3/Who-Benefits-From-Biotech.htm
[59] The Center for Food Safety, 2005. Monsanto vs. US farmers. http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org.